Follow us on LinkedInBefore we start diving into the topic of customer listening, I have a few questions for you to think about. Have you talked to your customers before? Have you ever gone out and visited them? How confident do you feel that you know your customers and their day-to-day jobs?
At Dropbox, we went through a lot of these questions in our early days, and what we realized is we didn't feel confident about any of the answers. And so today, I'm going to take you through how we reimagined customer listening, specifically focusing on:
- What is customer listening?
- Customer listening at Dropbox
- How to identify an audience
- What does a customer advisory board do?
- Why our CAB is run by a product marketer
- A year of customer advisory boards
- What is design thinking?
- How can design thinking be applied?
- The design thinking framework
- Closing the feedback loop
What is customer listening?
Customer listening is a strategic approach used by businesses to understand and analyze the feedback and sentiments of their customers. It involves actively seeking, capturing, and analyzing customer feedback from various sources like social media, customer reviews, customer support interactions, surveys, and more. The insights gained from this process can then be used to improve products, services, marketing strategies, and overall customer experience.
From the perspective of marketers, customer listening is vital for several reasons. Firstly, it provides marketers with in-depth knowledge about customer needs, wants, expectations, and pain points. This enables them to create more targeted and effective marketing campaigns. Secondly, it helps identify trends and patterns in customer behavior, which can be used for market segmentation and personalized marketing.
And lastly, customer listening can also help identify potential issues or areas of dissatisfaction, allowing businesses to proactively address them and improve customer satisfaction and loyalty.
How we implement customer listening at Dropbox
Customer listening takes a lot of different forms at our company. Starting online, we’ve got social channels, we’ve got chats, and conversations, and we’ve got in-product feedback and discovery.
We also have a program called Real-World Wednesdays, in which once a week we bring in customers from different segments, cohorts, and verticals. It's almost like speed dating; we get to do one-on-ones with customers from different products and say, “Here's a prototype we're thinking about,” and “How do we actually fix that?” It's a great way of getting quick feedback.
We also have customer visits; we go out into the field to see customers in their natural environment. This can take many forms across different companies. For example, for Audible research, Amazon goes out and follows people on subways to watch how they're listening to podcasts and audiobooks.
Last but not least, and what I'm going to be focusing on today, is community building and connection through customer advisory boards.
How to identify an audience
Before you start a customer advisory board, there are a lot of things you need to think about. Firstly, how do you create an audience of the kinds of people who you want to provide feedback to your company?
There are a lot of ways you can cut it. You can look at super users, the people who are most engaged with your product. They could be monthly or weekly active users.
You can also segment by top brands. If you have some big-name customers, you have an opportunity to start nurturing them through a customer advisory board and hopefully turn them into advocates for your company.
You might want to look at the highest revenue-generating customers. These are the people giving the most money to your organization, so you want to cater to them and make sure that the product is heading in the same direction as their organizations.
It can also be educators and teachers. For example, at Canva, they have a program to educate their product evangelists to go out and teach their tools externally.
Last but not least, Facebook recently launched merits and badges for company pages, so if you're commenting as a fan or engaging with a page quite frequently, you get a merit badge, like a digital trophy of sorts. That badge signifies the company’s gratitude to that person for being an advocate, and there may be some special privileges awarded for advocating for the brand.
What does a customer advisory board do?
So what does a customer advisory board do? It's very simple. It provides feedback on our company and our product.
In Dropbox’s case, as I mentioned earlier, we were out to solve the problem of cluttered tools and content in teams. So last year, we launched a product called the Smart Workspace, which integrates all your different workflows in a single location.
It was a complete transformation for Dropbox, which started off as a file sync and share company, so we needed customer feedback. Our customer advisory board allowed us to bring our customers and advocates on the journey as we transitioned to this new product suite in this new category.
The second major functions of a customer advisory board are best practice sharing and community building. A lot of these people are on the board to network with peers, and they want to learn from what other people are doing.
Maybe someone’s five years down the line in their journey with your product, and someone else is just starting out. The person just starting out might want to know how others got their organizations on board with the tool or product and how to get them engaged over time. The customer advisory board is a great place to find that out.
Why is our CAB run by product marketing?
So why does the customer advisory board sit in product marketing, you may ask. Well, there are four reasons why I feel we’re best placed to take ownership of it.
- We're the glue that joins product, engineering, comms, sales, channel, you name it.
- We partner with product to build out marketing requirements documents. This is where once we’ve assessed the market and the competitive landscape, we look at what we can build that’s unique and differentiated and solves our customers’ challenges.
- We’re the ones that amplify our advocates’ and champions’ voices by building use cases and stories and sharing them externally to get more people using our product.
- We're building narrative and positioning docs, and even coming up with pricing and packaging skews to make sure that there's a place where this new product will sit.
A year of customer advisory boards
So as I mentioned before, this customer advisory board is something that took off about a year and a half ago, so it's pretty fresh at Dropbox. We now have them in San Francisco, New York, London, Tokyo, and Sydney – all of our key regions.
When it started out, we would get together once a year and pick our top 20 customers. However, we soon found that that’s too big an audience, so we scaled it down to a group of 10 to 12, which seems to be the sweet spot.
After doing all these customer advisory boards across so many areas around the world, you're probably wondering what we do with all the insights. There's so much feedback coming through, so what happens next? I had that same question after a year of doing it, which was why we started leveraging frameworks like design thinking to turn insight into action.
What is design thinking?
Design thinking is a framework to understand the user. It involves taking time to empathize with the customer and understand their challenges and unique pain points – I'll take you through how we did that in a minute.
Design thinking is also about challenging current assumptions. Maybe your product team is saying, “The customers definitely feel this way about this issue,” but in actuality, they feel totally different.
The last part is redefining the problem. Maybe you're going off to solve a specific challenge, but there's actually something deeper rooted that you haven't thought of yet. Design thinking is a framework where you can cut through the clutter and get to that clarity.
How can design thinking be applied?
To broaden it out, design thinking can also be applied in so many different areas. Perhaps you're doing a social campaign and you want to make sure it's customer-backed. It also can help you if you have a new client on board and you're designing a space with their values in mind. Design thinking is ultimately all about proving a new way of working.
When I joined Dropbox two and a half years ago, all bright-eyed and bushy-tailed and full of fresh ideas, I kept coming up against people who'd been at the company for a while. They were like, “Yeah, we've done that before,” or “Good idea, but we've already solved that in a different way.”
Eventually, I realized that I needed data to prove that my idea was going to work. This is where design thinking came in. It's a great way to get a lot of data points and customer input, and the customer is never wrong. When you have enough statistically significant data on the customer, you become the expert on that customer, and it’s really hard to argue with that.
The design thinking framework
The design thinking framework incorporates five steps: empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test. I'm going to take you through these steps one at a time, but first, I think it's important to ground you in the challenges we were facing at Dropbox before we implemented this framework.
First and foremost, our product teams were keeping the roadmap very close to the chest. They didn’t feel comfortable sharing their roadmap, so we had to get them to a point where they’d realize that it's okay to share a scrappy prototype with customers and get them engaged early on to fill that feedback loop.
Secondly, we weren't building advocates. We were doing a lot of taking and not much giving, to be honest. We’d ask customers for feedback and then go off and use it, but we weren’t paying much attention to what they wanted out of the interaction. What was their experience? Why were they investing their time? We didn’t know their “why.”
Last but not least, we weren't listening. Let me tell you a funny story. At our first customer advisory board in New York, about 80% of our programming was us talking; only 20% of it was about our customer's sharing. We started the day like “We're here to listen,” and then did all the talking.
What made it even worse is that our then-product leader spoke an hour over his talk track, so it got to a point where that 20% of customer sharing time became only 5%. It was pretty poor form, and we knew we could do better.
Customers were, understandably, not engaged with the conventional ways that we were trying to listen to them, so we had to start asking ourselves some questions. How do we build a program that both matters to our customers and serves our company's needs? How do we create a best-in-class experience, where we're able to listen to our top customers and have that funnel into the direction of our strategy and our product?
It was time to deploy design thinking.
Step one: Empathize
The first step of design thinking focuses on getting to know your customers in full detail.
In the case of the customer advisory board, I wanted to go after two specific cohorts. The first group of people I interviewed was those who had attended customer advisory boards at other organizations similar to Dropbox.
You'd be surprised how easy they were to find. I’d stalk people on LinkedIn and say, “Do you have 30 minutes of your time?” and almost everyone responded, “Yes, I'd love to help you out.” You don't have to compensate them; people are really happy to be heard.
This was also a great way to start to understand why people attend these different advisory boards. The other thing to note is that if you talk to one person who's on a customer advisory board, chances are they know 10 other people on customer advisory boards – you only need to find a few people to then have that word of mouth spread.
The second group I wanted to speak to was customer advisory board organizers. Again, I went on LinkedIn and looked up the roles of customer advisory board leaders and what specifically they were doing in their organizations. I wanted to find out what the challenges were and what the best in class looked like so I could get a good grounding of what we needed to do.
From all these interviews, I had pages and pages of insights, and I put each insight on a Post-it Note, which sounds tedious at first but bear with me. We do this thing in design thinking called affinity mapping, where you take all the different insights, consolidate them into specific themes that arise, and start identifying patterns.
Louise Dunne
What do customer advisory board members want?
We found a few things. Firstly, the customer’s “why” is not us. We’d been sitting there thinking that our customer advisory board members would be super excited to hear about Dropbox and our product roadmap and all these cool things. No. They're there to network and learn from each other.
They also want to be alongside people in similar role types. If they’re at a senior level, it doesn’t really make sense for them to be on an advisory board with people who are just starting out in their careers.
Another thing we found is that it’s important for our customers that our feature roadmap aligns with their organization’s roadmap.
Last but not least, don't underestimate people’s love of group bonding activities. I had a few executives say, “Oh, it's really fluffy to do bonding activities. We don’t want people sitting around the table and having a kumbaya.” But what I realized is the highest energy point for most people's days on a customer advisory board is the networking drinks or going off and doing something cool like go-karting. That was what bonded people the most.
Finally, from our perspective, we realized that we want to use our advisory boards to build advocates and nurture champions. When customers are done giving feedback, they're gonna go back to their organizations and say, “Do you want to use this tool or not?” If we equip them well enough and make them feel part of the journey, they're more likely to be our advocates.
Step two: Define
The next step is defining the problem. In our case, we use something called energy mapping. Anytime we interview a customer, we do an energy map, which shows all the points where they're most excited and engaged.
We look for the moments they're raising their voice, where they contribute a lot of good ideas, and where their eyes are wide open. We look at the other side of the coin too: those moments where they're really disappointed, where they’re saying, “It’s super frustrating when I have to deal with this.” Doing an energy map is a really helpful way to quickly get to the things that we need to focus on around high-energy and low-energy experiences.
To give you an example, one of the guys we worked with, Fei, said he loved having access to leadership, feeling like he was part of the solution, and also feeling very special. Some of the low points were that he’d been going to customer advisory boards for 11 years, and I still felt like only 20% of the content was relevant. And it started bringing up questions like why is he still doing this if it's not all relevant?
From there, we built out a point of view framework showing what we can infer from what Fei told us, which is that customer advisory boards weren’t creating meaningful value for attendees. Then, we came up with a potentially game-changing solution to this problem: what if we flip the entire format on its head and have customers dictate the entire format of a CAB? It could be completely led by them and not selfishly led by what Dropbox wants.
Step three: Ideation
Then we move into the ideation phase. I think this is one of the program's most energizing and exciting phases. Basically, you get a bunch of people in a room for what we call radical collaboration. The more differing viewpoints and personality types in a room, the better ideas you create because you're solving for all different use cases.
We ask the question, “If you had all the money in the world, how would you solve the challenges that we’re facing today?” It turns into this Post-it Note frenzy.
We actually enlisted the entire Dropbox Sydney team to be a part of this. We have about 50 people in our Sydney office, and we brainstormed in the hallway. Every time anyone walked by, we asked them how they’d solve this guy's problem. Interestingly, the people that had no context on what the customer advisory board came up with some of the coolest ideas.
In design thinking as well as improv, you might have heard of something called “Yes, and…” Whatever idea someone comes up with, you add on to it and say “Yes, and…” I know that sounds challenging you might have no idea where to even build off an idea, but I promise it works.
Let me give you an example. We say that no idea is a bad idea, and I'm sure you're like, “I've heard a ton of bad ideas in my career,” but again, bear with me. One of the first Post-it Notes in this brainstorming session said, “Let's rent out a mansion, and just bring a bunch of customers in to hang out with us all day” and I'm like, “Oh, boy. Here we go.”
This has already gone off the rails in my mind, but we said “Yes, and..” and kept building off this idea. Then it evolved into, “What if we did a beach off-site where we get customers engaged and get to know them more as people?”
It evolved more until it became “Why don't we just make them feel like Dropboxers?” We're so excited about what we do every day; we’re passionate about working for this company. How do we make them feel like extensions of our brand so that they become champions in their own organizations?
Step four: Prototype
The next stage is prototyping. Once you think you have a final idea of what you want to create, which in our case was customer advisory board 2.0, you build a prototype.
From all the insights we’d gathered, some key themes came out: we want customers talking way more of the time, we want the audience clearly defined, we want to make work human, to feel like extensions of Dropbox, to feel open to sharing their future challenges and strategies, and we want to be vulnerable enough to share our roadmap, even if it's not fully baked.
Now, our MVP prototype was scrappy in the most literal sense of the word. I took scraps of paper and put together a diagram showing the sessions that a customer would most and least want to engage in. Then, I created a bunch of scraps showing all of last year's customer advisory board sessions and all this year’s potential sessions.
I took this to our customer success team, because they own the relationships with these customers and talk to them day in and day out, and asked them to rank what matters most to our users. So I had all these people around my desk shuffling these pieces of paper.
This quick early test showed that the new sessions we had designed were what these customers would get the most value out of, and the sessions we had last year would give the least value. That was a great validation point.
What I love about an MVP is that you're not spending thousands of dollars to make a mistake. You can do it pretty quickly and get a good sense of the direction you should be going in.
Step five: Test
The final stage is testing, actually going to market. We had a chance to test the customer advisory board 2.0 in New York to get a sense of how it’d perform.
I'm proud to say it was a great success. 100% of attendees felt heard, felt connected to peers, and felt like they’d participate again. People also felt very satisfied with the direction of the roadmap and were excited that we shared future plans and made them part of the journey. Here's some more of the feedback we received:
Closing the feedback loop
There’s one final step on our journey, which is building out a feedback loop. Getting all these insights from customer advisory boards is only the first part of the swing; finishing the swing means applying these insights to the roadmap.
One of the best practices we’ve brought in this past year is having someone very senior, the Head of Product, as the sponsor for this project. He's now responsible for rallying his entire engineering organization to start using these insights to build future products and shape the direction of the company.
Building in these feedback loops is an ongoing journey. You may think after seeing those results that there's nothing left to do and we can keep on operating the way we are, but we always have to be ready to respond to changes in the landscape. We've also got other segments we want to go after as part of our new customer advisory boards.
It's an iterative process, but it's a great way to continue reinventing yourself and the way that you show up for your customers.
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Course instructor Bree Bunzel, Head of Global Customer Marketing at Dropbox, is an expert with Customer Advisory Boards and shares her experience to help you solidify your understanding of core principles.
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